The study of the chemical effects of the beta decay of ¹²³Xe→¹²³I, ¹²⁵Xe→¹²⁵I, ¹³²Te→¹³²I in organic substrates was performed. Such study had both fundamental scientific interest and practical value for production of the radiopharmaceuticals labelled by iodine radioisotopes.

Chemical effects of the decay of ^123,125Xe were investigated in saturated (n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane), cyclic (cyclohexane), aromatic (benzene) hydrocarbons and halohydrocarbons (1-chloro- and 1-bromopentane). Effects of radical- and electron-acceptor additivies as well as phase states (the liquid and solid phases) on the spectra of products labelled by ^123,125I were studied. It was shown, that the hot atoms of ^123,125I were stabilized as complicated product spectra, iodine for parent molecule atom substitution products being formed with highest yields. The addition of the electron acceptors into substrates increased the yields of ^123,125I-labelled fragment products. The change of the phase state from liquid to solid gave the same effect. The addition of the radical acceptors into substrates resulted in decreasing of the yields of ^123,125I-labelled polymeric products. The study of radiolysis of these substrates in the presence of iodine was performed to understand mechanisms of ^123,125I hot atom reactions. The comparison of the obtained results revealed that Geissler and Willard’s autoradiolysis model was not the only mechanism responsible for the formation of ^123,125I-labelled products. It was necessary to take into consideration the fragmentation process of the substrate molecules as a result of the formation of electron vacancies in the inner shells of iodine hot atoms and the subsequent transfer of electrons from the substrate molecules. As for the applied application of ^123,125I hot atom reactions for radiopharmaceutical syntheses, it was obvious to be ineffective because of the formation of the complicated labelled product mixture in the case of liquid organic compounds and the low yields of ^123,125I-labelled products in the case of solid organic compounds.

The study of the chemical consequences for the beta decay of ¹³²Te was of scientific importance because the investigation of the effect of parent molecular structure of ¹³²Te-compounds on forms of stabilization of the iodine hot atoms might answer the question about the possibility of “Coulomb explosions” in condensed organic phases. The investigations were performed for the liquid and solid solutions of the tellurium compounds labelled by ¹³²Te, namely: TeCl₄, Te(C₆H₅)₂, Te(2-C₇H₇)₂,
Te(1-C₁₀H₇)₂, Te(C₆H₅)(1-C₁₀H₇). The obtained results showed that the Auger process in condensed phases didn’t give rise to the formation of high positive charge at iodine hot atoms and “a Coulomb explosion” of the parent molecular structure. The light fragmentation of the parent molecular structure was possible in the case of aromatic conjugated systems due to the electron transfer from the neighbouring molecules. This phenomenon of the light fragmentation might be used for the development of generators of the radiopharmaceuticals labelled by short-lived iodine-132.